تمرینات دستور زبان مقدماتی(1)

Chapter 1

1. Change the following pairs of words into sentences, using the correct forms of the Simple Present of the verb to be. For example:
      I, cautious
      I am cautious.

      they, friendly
      They are friendly.

1. you, careful
2. it, warm
3. he, here
4. we, bold
5. they, careless

2. Change the affirmative statements resulting from Exercise 1 into questions. For example:
      I am cautious.
      Am I cautious?

      They are friendly.
      Are they friendly?

3. Change the affirmative statements resulting from Exercise 1 into negative statements. For example:
      I am cautious.
      I am not cautious.

      They are friendly.
      They are not friendly.

4. Change the affirmative statements resulting from Exercise 1 into negative questions. Except where the subject of the verb is I, write both the form without contractions and the form with contractions. For example:
      I am cautious.
      Am I not cautious?

      They are friendly.
      Are they not friendly?
      Aren't they friendly?

5. Add negative tag questions to the ends of the affirmative statements resulting from Exercise 1. Except where the subject of the verb is I, use contractions for the tag questions. For example:
      I am cautious.
      I am cautious, am I not?

      They are friendly.
      They are friendly, aren't they?

6. Using the Simple Present of the verb to be, and making sure that the word order is correct, form the following groups of words into grammatically correct statements or questions. If the symbol ? is present, form the words into a question. If the word not is present, form the words into a negative statement or negative question. Do not use contractions in this exercise. For example:
      it, brown
      It is brown.

      you, ?, excited
      Are you excited?

      I, satisfied, not
      I am not satisfied.

      not, ?, they, ready
      Are they not ready?

1. you, ?, hungry
2. we, ?, not, correct
3. he, ?, happy
4. not, ?, it, cold
5. she, here
6. I, early, ?
7. they, wrong, not
8. you, ?, comfortable

Chapter 2

1. Using the Simple Present tense, fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      I ______ to the radio. (to listen)
      I listen to the radio.

      He _______ to the radio. (to listen)
      He listens to the radio.

1. She __________ the guitar. (to play)
2. We __________ soccer. (to play)
3. They _________ to talk. (to like)
4. He __________ ice cream. (to like)
5. You _________ your friends often. (to call)

2. Using the Simple Present tense, fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verb to have. For example:
      I ____ a pen.
      I have a pen.

      He ___ two pencils.
      He has two pencils.

1. I _______ many books.
2. You _______ an apartment.
3. He _______ a bicycle.
4. We _______ fun.
5. They _______ two sleds.

3. Paying attention to which verbs change their spelling before adding s in the third person singular, fill in the blanks with the Simple Present of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      He always _______ promptly. (to reply)
      He always replies promptly.

      She _____ little. (to say)
      She says little.

      They _____ bridge once a week. (to play)
      They play bridge once a week.

1. He __________ it. (to deny)
2. They __________ to be on time. (to try)
3. It _________ to be careful. (to pay)
4. She __________ hard. (to study)
5. You __________ good manners. (to display)

4. Paying attention to which verbs take s and which take es in the third person singular, fill in the blanks with the Simple Present of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      He ____ everywhere on foot. (to go)
      He goes everywhere on foot.

      It _____ surprising. (to seem)
      It seems surprising.

      They _____ skiing. (to teach)
      They teach skiing.

1. She __________ a great deal of work. (to do)
2. He __________ television every evening. (to watch)
3. She __________ a horse. (to own)
4. We __________ the dishes every night. (to do)
5. She __________ she had a pair of skates. (to wish)

5. For each of the following verbs, underline the letter or letters representing the sound preceding the es ending, and then indicate the number of syllables in the verb. For example:
      wishes __
      wishes 2

      laces __
      laces 2

      takes __
      takes 1

1. watches __
2. teases __
3. likes __
4. rushes __
5. faces __
6. dines __

6. Change the following affirmative statements into questions. For example:
      She walks to work.
      Does she walk to work?

      They take the bus.
      Do they take the bus?

1. I hurry home.
2. He drives a truck.
3. You follow the news.
4. They want a pet.
5. She likes flowers.

7. Change the affirmative statements given in Exercise 6 into negative statements. For example:
      She walks to work.
      She does not walk to work.

      They take the bus.
      They do not take the bus.

8. Change the affirmative statements given in Exercise 6 into negative questions. Give both the forms without contractions, and the forms with contractions. For example:
      She walks to work.
      Does she not walk to work?
      Doesn't she walk to work?

      They take the bus.
      Do they not take the bus?
      Don't they take the bus?

9. Add negative tag questions to the affirmative statements given in Exercise 6. Use contractions for the tag questions. For example:
      She walks to work.
      She walks to work, doesn't she?

      They take the bus.
      They take the bus, don't they?

Chapter 3

1. Using the Present Continuous tense, fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      He _________ hard. (to work)
      He is working hard.

      We ____________ anxious. (to feel)
      We are feeling anxious.

1. I _______________ the questions. (to answer)
2. You ________________ boots. (to wear)
3. We ______________ for work. (to look)
4. She ______________ her friend. (to call)
5. He _______________ a house. (to build)

2. Using the Present Continuous tense, fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      They _____________ the lemons. (to squeeze)
      They are squeezing the lemons.

      It ________ on the sidewalk. (to lie)
      It is lying on the sidewalk.

      I ___________ the groceries. (to carry)
      I am carrying the groceries.

1. She ________________ a letter. (to write)
2. They _________________ about it. (to worry)
3. He _________________ jam. (to make)
4. It _________________. (to die)
5. We _______________ to school. (to hurry)

3. Using the Present Continuous tense, fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      We ___________ to come. (to plan)
      We are planning to come.

      They _________ the lawn. (to mow)
      They are mowing the lawn.

      It __________. (to rain)
      It is raining.

1. I _______________ the grass. (to cut)
2. It _______________ downstream. (to float)
3. They _________________ the game. (to win)
4. We _________________ the present. (to wrap)
5. She _________________ lettuce. (to grow)
6. He _________________ for us. (to look)
7. I _________________ a sweater. (to knit)
8. They _________________ wood. (to saw)

4. Each of the following sentences is preceded by a bare infinitive, the most heavily stressed syllable of which is underlined. Paying attention to whether or not the final consonant should be doubled before ing is added, fill in the blanks with the present participles corresponding to the bare infinitives. Use the American spelling for verbs ending in l. For example:
      whisper: They are __________ to their friends.
      They are whispering to their friends.

      refer: I was _________ to your letter.
      I was referring to your letter.

1. open: I am _____________ the door.
2. display: She is ______________ her talents.
3. submit: He is _______________ his report tomorrow.
4. limit: The store is _____________ the number of items on sale.
5. permit: We are not _____________ him to go.
6. sharpen: They are _______________ the pencils.
7. confer: She is ________________ with her colleagues.
8. focus: He is ________________ the camera.
9. repel: They are ________________ the attack.
10. shovel: I am ________________ the steps.

5. Change the following affirmative statements into questions. For example:
      It is snowing.
      Is it snowing?

      They are being cautious.
      Are they being cautious?

1. I am learning English.
2. You are carrying a parcel.
3. It is growing colder.
4. We are living in Halifax.
5. They are running a race.

6. Change the affirmative statements given in Exercise 5 into negative statements. For example:
      It is snowing.
      It is not snowing.

      They are being cautious.
      They are not being cautious.

7. Change the affirmative statements given in Exercise 5 into negative questions. Except when the subject of the verb is I, write both the form without contractions and the form with contractions. For example:
      It is snowing.
      Is it not snowing?
      Isn't it snowing?

      They are being cautious.
      Are they not being cautious?
      Aren't they being cautious?

8. Add negative tag questions to the affirmative statements given in Exercise 5. Except when the subject of the verb is I, use contractions for the tag questions. For example:
      It is snowing.
      It is snowing, isn't it?

      They are being cautious.
      They are being cautious, aren't they?

9. For each of the following sentences, determine whether the Simple Present tense or the Present Continuous tense is more appropriate, and fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb given in brackets. For example:
      Right now, he ________ ridiculous. (to be)
      Right now, he is being ridiculous.

      She ______ to Sydney every weekend. (to drive)
      She drives to Sydney every weekend.

1. At the moment, I __________________ supper. (to cook)
2. He ________________ the paper every weekday. (to read)
3. We ________________ right now. (to study)
4. She ________________ every day. (to study)
5. Now it _______________. (to rain)
6. They ______________ to Mexico every year. (to travel)

Chapter 4

1. Using the Present Perfect tense, fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      We ____________ the contest. (to enter)
      We have entered the contest.

      He ____________ the work. (to finish)
      He has finished the work.

1. They _______________ a pizza. (to order)
2. It _______________ to rain. (to start)
3. You _______________ the question. (to answer)
4. I _______________ the eggs. (to cook)
5. We _______________ the sauce. (to heat)

2. Rewrite the following sentences, using the contracted form of the auxiliary to have. For example:
      It has started.
      It's started.

      We have telephoned.
      We've telephoned.

1. I have agreed.
2. You have moved.
3. He has looked.
4. We have argued.
5. They have explained.

3. Paying attention to the spelling of the past participles, fill in the blanks using the Present Perfect tense of the regular verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      She _________ hard. (to try)
      She has tried hard.

      He ___________ his friend. (to annoy)
      He has annoyed his friend.

1. We _______________ them. (to envy)
2. She ________________ the clarinet for five years. (to play)
3. You _________________ for the job. (to apply)
4. We _______________ the eggs. (to fry)
5. They _________________ six people. (to employ)

4. Paying attention to the spelling of the past participles, fill in the blanks using the Present Perfect tense of the regular verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      He __________ the child. (to scare)
      He has scared the child.

      They ____________ the hillside. (to scar)
      They have scarred the hillside.

1. She __________________. (to apologize)
2. I ________________ the soup. (to stir)
3. It _________________. (to stop)
4. We _________________ what happened. (to explain)
5. They __________________ a concert. (to plan)
6. You ________________ the table. (to wipe)

5. Keeping in mind that the ending ed forms a separate syllable only when it follows the letter d or t, indicate the number of syllables in each of the following past participles. Read each of the the past participles aloud. For example:
      __ pained
      1 pained

      __ painted
      2 painted

1. ___ waited
2. ___ wailed
3. ___ pinned
4. ___ printed
5. ___ acted
6. ___ added
7. ___ wanted
8. ___ warned
9. ___ raced
10. ___ rated

6. Referring to the table of irregular verbs if necessary, fill in the blanks with the Present Perfect tense of the irregular verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      They _________ tall. (to grow)
      They have grown tall.

      He __________ it. (to choose)
      He has chosen it.

1. We _____________ lunch. (to eat)
2. I ______________ the floor. (to sweep)
3. She ______________ in a choir. (to sing)
4. They ______________ to work. (to go)
5. You ______________ your way. (to lose)
6. He _____________ earlier than usual. (to rise)
7. We ______________ to everyone. (to speak)
8. I ______________ the kingfisher. (to see)
9. They _________ each other a long time. (to know)
10. She _______________ here from France. (to fly)

7. Following the model of the examples, rewrite the following affirmative statements as questions, negative statements, negative questions without contractions, negative questions with contractions, and affirmative statements followed by negative tag questions. For example:
      I have read this book.
      Have I read this book?
      I have not read this book.
      Have I not read this book?
      Haven't I read this book?
      I have read this book, haven't I?

      He has found the answer.
      Has he found the answer?
      He has not found the answer.
      Has he not found the answer?
      Hasn't he found the answer?
      He has found the answer, hasn't he?

1. They have eaten the cookies.
2. She has told the truth.
3. He has run fast.
4. We have watered the plants.
5. You have hurried.

8. Paying attention to the spelling of the present participles, fill in the blanks using the correct forms of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      I ________________ all night. (to work)
      I have been working all night.

      She ___________________ the trumpet. (to practise)
      She has been practising the trumpet.

1. We ______________________ for you. (to wait)
2. They __________________________ a race. (to run)
3. He ___________________________ a book. (to read)
4. You ___________________________ a letter. (to write)
5. I __________________________ the table. (to set)

9. Following the model of the example, rewrite the following two affirmative statements as questions, negative statements, negative questions without contractions, negative questions with contractions, and affirmative statements followed by negative tag questions. For example:
      They have been enjoying themselves.
      Have they been enjoying themselves?
      They have not been enjoying themselves.
      Have they not been enjoying themselves?
      Haven't they been enjoying themselves?
      They have been enjoying themselves, haven't they?

1. It has been snowing.
2. You have been visiting your friends.

Chapter 5

1. Using the Simple Past tense, fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verb to be. For example:
      I ___ calm.
      I was calm.

      You ____ right.
      You were right.

1. He ________ happy.
2. We _________ students.
3. They ________ ambitious.
4. You _________ clever.
5. It _________ hot.

2. Rewrite the following affirmative statements as questions, negative statements, negative questions without contractions, negative questions with contractions, and affirmative statements followed by negative tag questions. For example:
      You were on time.
      Were you on time?
      You were not on time.
      Were you not on time?
      Weren't you on time?
      You were on time, weren't you?

      It was warm enough.
      Was it warm enough?
      It was not warm enough.
      Was it not warm enough?
      Wasn't it warm enough?
      It was warm enough, wasn't it?

1. I was late.
2. They were in a hurry.
3. He was an artist.
4. We were right.
5. She was there.

3. Paying attention to the correct spelling, fill in the blanks with the Simple Past of the regular verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      It _______ raining. (to stop)
      It stopped raining.

      I _________ myself. (to disguise)
      I disguised myself.

1. She _____________ through the book. (to flip)
2. We _____________ the traffic. (to watch)
3. You _____________ the flowers carefully. (to arrange)
4. He _____________ about his success. (to brag)
5. They _____________ sightseeing. (to enjoy)

4. Referring to the table of English irregular verbs if necessary, fill in the blanks with the Simple Past tense of the irregular verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      They _____ a song. (to write)
      They wrote a song.

      We _____ the floor. (to sweep)
      We swept the floor.

1. She ____________ the dishes. (to do)
2. They ___________ for a walk. (to go)
3. He __________ his time. (to take)
4. I ___________ the beds. (to make)
5. They ___________ to catch the bus. (to run)

5. Paying attention to the correct forms of the bare infinitives, change the following affirmative statements into questions. For example:
      He lifted the suitcase.
      Did he lift the suitcase?

      I paid the rent.
      Did I pay the rent?

1. She hurried to school.
2. They carried the parcels.
3. You closed the door.
4. I plugged in the lamp.
5. They planned the party.

6. Paying attention to the correct forms of the bare infinitives, change the following affirmative statements into negative statements. For example:
      I scanned the newspaper.
      I did not scan the newspaper.

      They flew to Toronto.
      They did not fly to Toronto.

1. We enjoyed ourselves.
2. She pinned on the brooch.
3. I fanned myself.
4. They emptied their pockets.
5. You replied at once.

7. Paying attention to the correct forms of the bare infinitives, change the following affirmative statements into negative questions. Give both the forms without contractions and the forms with contractions. For example:
      You walked quickly.
      Did you not walk quickly?
      Didn't you walk quickly?

      He burst the balloon.
      Did he not burst the balloon?
      Didn't he burst the balloon?

1. You watched the game.
2. I climbed the ladder.
3. We pleased the visitors.
4. They canned the peaches.
5. He received the letter.

8. Rewrite the following sentences, changing the underlined verbs from the Simple Past to the form with used followed by the infinitive. For example:
      They took the bus.
      They used to take the bus.

      She traveled every year.
      She used to travel every year.

1. It snowed heavily.
2. I came often.
3. We were neighbors.
4. He wrote many letters.

Chapter 6

1. Using the Past Continuous tense, fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      I __________ a salad. (to make)
      I was making a salad.

      They ___________ to find some boots. (to try)
      They were trying to find some boots.

1. He _______________ a book. (to read)
2. We _________________ money. (to save)
3. She _______________ school. (to attend)
4. It ________________. (to thunder)
5. They ________________ for the exam. (to study)

2. Rewrite the following affirmative statements as questions, negative statements, negative questions without contractions, negative questions with contractions, and affirmative statements followed by negative tag questions. For example:
      You were learning French.
      Were you learning French?
      You were not learning French.
      Were you not learning French?
      Weren't you learning French?
      You were learning French, weren't you?

1. We were starting a business.
2. She was waiting outside.
3. He was singing.

3. Using the Past Continuous tense, fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      ____ you _______ last night? (to work)
      Were you working last night?

      It ___ not _______. (to rain)
      It was not raining.

      They _____________ home. (to hurry)
      They were hurrying home.

1. We _________________ for the test. (to prepare)
2. ______ she ___________ notes? (to take)
3. I ______ not ___________ long. (to wait)
4. They __________________ at Woolco. (to shop)
5. ______ it not ____________ outside? (to freeze)
6. She _________________ on Almond Street last year. (to live)

4. Using the Past Perfect tense, fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      I _________ the parcel. (to open)
      I had opened the parcel.

      They ________ to the opera. (to be)
      They had been to the opera.

1. She ________________ a sweater. (to buy)
2. He _______________ to work. (to start)
3. You _________________ the message. (to understand)
4. We ________________ the appointment. (to forget)
5. They ________________ us. (to convince)

5. Rewrite the following affirmative statements as questions, negative statements, negative questions without contractions, negative questions with contractions, and affirmative statements followed by negative tag questions. For example:
      He had attended the concert.
      Had he attended the concert?
      He had not attended the concert.
      Had he not attended the concert?
      Hadn't he attended the concert?
      He had attended the concert, hadn't he?

1. You had entered the contest.
2. I had wanted to come.
3. We had arrived on time.

6. Using the Past Perfect tense, fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      He _____________ hard. (to practise)
      He had practised hard.

      ___ they ____ a good job? (to do)
      Had they done a good job?

      I ___ not _____ the news. (to hear)
      I had not heard the news.

1. You ________________ it carefully.(to consider)
2. She __________________ her way in the woods. (to lose)
3. _____ he not _____________ his hands? (to wash)
4. _____ they ____________ the letter? (to read)
5. I _____ not _____________ the words. (to forget)
6. We ____________ to come even before we received the letter. (to decide)

7. Using the Past Perfect Continuous tense, fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      We __________________ for an apartment. (to search)
      We had been searching for an apartment.

      She _______________ extra courses. (to take)
      She had been taking extra courses.

1. We ____________________ the grass. (to cut)
2. You ______________________ at the photographs. (to look)
3. They _____________________ you the letters. (to give)
4. He _____________________ for us. (to wait)
5. She _____________________ a business. (to run)

8. Rewrite the following affirmative statements as questions, negative statements, negative questions without contractions, negative questions with contractions, and affirmative statements followed by negative tag questions. For example:
      She had been keeping a diary.
      Had she been keeping a diary?
      She had not been keeping a diary.
      Had she not been keeping a diary?
      Hadn't she been keeping a diary?
      She had been keeping a diary, hadn't she?

1. We had been raking the leaves.
2. You had been visiting your cousins.
3. They had been swimming in the lake.

9. Using the Past Perfect Continuous tense, fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      We _______________. (to argue)
      We had been arguing.

      ___ he ___________ well? (to feel)
      Had he been feeling well?

      I ___ not __________ much walking. (to do)
      I had not been doing much walking.

1. You _______________________ the stove. (to clean)
2. She _____ not ___________________ regularly. (to come)
3. _____ they not ___________________ on you? (to count)
4. We ________________________ for shoes. (to look)
5. _____ it not ________________ that day? (to snow)
6. I ________________________ for groceries. (to shop)

10. For each of the following sentences, paying attention to whether the underlined auxiliary is a form of to be, to do or to have, fill in the blank with the bare infinitive, present participle, or past participle of the verb given in brackets, as appropriate. Refer if necessary to the table summarizing the formation of the English present and past tenses. For example:
      He was ________ medicine. (to study)
      He was studying medicine.

      You have _______ the food. (to bring)
      You have brought the food.

      We had been _______ a long time. (to wait)
      We had been waiting a long time.

      Does she _______ classical music? (to like)
      Does she like classical music?

1. She was _______________ a picture. (to draw)
2. We have ________________ our homework. (to finish)
3. I have been ________________ for an opportunity. (to wait)
4. Do you ________________ a bicycle? (to own)
5. We are ________________ coffee. (to drink)
6. Did he ________________ the book? (to enjoy)
7. They were ________________ us. (to expect)
8. You had ________________ a job. (to find)

11. Make the following statements emphatic. For example:
      He likes cats.
      He does like cats.

      You have finished.
      You have finished.

      They were here.
      They were here.

      We are not ready.
      We are not ready.

1. I enjoy reading.
2. They do not like music.
3. It snowed.
4. I have found my pen.
5. She cooks well.
6. You were listening to the radio.

Chapter 7

1. Using either the auxiliary shall or the auxiliary will for the first person, fill in the blanks with the Simple Future of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      I ___________. (to agree)
      I shall agree or I will agree.

      You ____________ the results. (to publish)
      You will publish the results.

1. We ___________. (to succeed)
2. They _________________ the site. (to excavate)
3. He _________________ the situation. (to study)
4. We _________________. (to hurry)
5. I _________________ soon. (to follow)

2. Rewrite the following affirmative statements as questions, negative statements, negative questions without contractions, negative questions with contractions, and affirmative statements followed by negative tag questions. For example:
      She will notice us.
      Will she notice us?
      She will not notice us.
      Will she not notice us?
      Won't she notice us?
      She will notice us, won't she?

1. You will wash the windows.
2. They will help you.

3. Using either the auxiliary shall or the auxiliary will for the first person, fill in the blanks with the Simple Future of the verbs shown in brackets. Use shall in the first person for questions in which a request for permission is implied. For example:
      I ________ out soon. (to go)
      I shall go out soon. or I will go out soon.

      _____ we _____ now? (to leave)
      Shall we leave now?

      ____ they _____ France? (to visit)
      Will they visit France?

      It ____ not ____ long. (to take)
      It will not take long.

1. We _________________ you at the museum. (to meet)
2. _______ you _______ me a pen? (to lend)
3. _______ they not _______ the competition? (to win)
4. She _______ not ___________ to come. (to forget)
5. _______ he not _______ the boat? (to sail)
6. You _________________ the expedition. (to enjoy)

4. Using the Simple conjugation which expresses determination and compulsion, fill in the blanks with the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      We _________ the exam. (to pass)
      We will pass the exam.

      You ____________ the work on time. (to finish)
      You shall finish the work on time.

1. They ________________ the tickets. (to buy)
2. I _________________ home. (to go)
3. He _________________ our guide. (to be)
4. You _________________ with me. (to come)
5. I ________________ it. (to remember)
6. She ________________ us. (to call)

5. The following sentences refer to future events. Complete each sentence by filling in the blank with the correct form of the Present Continuous tense of to go, followed by the infinitive of the verb shown in brackets. For example:
      She _________________ swimming. (to teach)
      She is going to teach swimming.

      ___ we _____________ home? (to walk)
      Are we going to walk home?

      He __ not _____________ us. (to find)
      He is not going to find us.

1. ______ he ____________________ horseback riding? (to learn)
2. I __________________________ the windows. (to wash)
3. ______ you ____________________ with us? (to come)
4. It ______ not ____________________ cold tonight. (to be)
5. ______ he not ____________________ the letter? (to answer)

6. Using either the auxiliary shall or the auxiliary will for the first person, fill in the blanks with the Future Continuous of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      We _______________ you tomorrow. (to see)
      We shall be seeing you tomorrow. or We will be seeing you tomorrow.

      He _________________ school next year. (to attend)
      He will be attending school next year.

1. You _____________________ with us. (to come)
2. It _____________________ warmer. (to grow)
3. They ____________________ new furniture. (to buy)
4. She _____________________ the clock. (to watch)

7. Rewrite the following affirmative statements as questions, negative statements, negative questions without contractions, negative questions with contractions, and affirmative statements followed by negative tag questions. For example:
      They will be serving the dessert.
      Will they be serving the dessert?
      They will not be serving the dessert.
      Will they not be serving the dessert?
      Won't they be serving the dessert?
      They will be serving the dessert, won't they?

1. He will be needing this.
2. They will be living here.

8. Using either the auxiliary shall or the auxiliary will for the first person, fill in the blanks with the Future Continuous of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      I ________________ soon. (to leave)
      I shall be leaving soon. or I will be leaving soon.

      ____ you _________ coffee? (to make)
      Will you be making coffee?

      He ____ not ________ the bus. (to use)
      He will not be using the bus.

1. He _____________________ a new language. (to learn)
2. ______ she ___________________ help? (to need)
3. ______ you not __________________ your jacket? (to mend)
4. He ______ not ___________________ here. (to stay)
5. ______ we not ___________________ them a card? (to mail)
6. They __________________________ the telephone. (to answer)

9. Using either the auxiliary shall or the auxiliary will for the first person, fill in the blanks with the Future Perfect of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      She _________________ by then. (to arrive)
      She will have arrived by then.

      We ______________ everyone. (to meet)
      We shall have met everyone or We will have met everyone.

1. You ________________________ the advertisement. (to study)
2. He _________________________ the newspapers. (to scan)
3. I _________________________ here for five years. (to be)
4. They ________________________ the proposal. (to consider)

10. Rewrite the following affirmative statements as questions, negative statements, negative questions without contractions, negative questions with contractions, and affirmative statements followed by negative tag questions. For example:
      She will have foreseen the difficulty.
      Will she have foreseen the difficulty?
      She will not have foreseen the difficulty.
      Will she not have foreseen the difficulty?
      Won't she have foreseen the difficulty?
      She will have foreseen the difficulty, won't she?

1. It will have happened by then.
2. You will have paid the rent.

11. Using either the auxiliary shall or the auxiliary will for the first person, fill in the blanks with the Future Perfect of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      He __________________ it soon. (to finish)
      He will have finished it soon.

      You ____ not ________ time to read the book. (to have)
      You will not have had time to read the book.

      ____ they __________ before? (to fly)
      Will they have flown before?

1. I ________________________ for a walk. (to go)
2. They _______ not yet _________________. (to arrive)
3. _______ she not __________________ the apples? (to eat)
4. _______ you __________________ the letter? (to send)
5. They _________________________ an apartment by then. (to find)
6. He _______ not __________________ soundly. (to sleep)

12. Using either the auxiliary shall or the auxiliary will for the first person, fill in the blanks with the Future Perfect Continuous of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      You ______________________ all night. (to wait)
      You will have been waiting all night.

      They _____________________ a good time. (to have)
      They will have been having a good time.

1. She __________________________________ with them. (to argue)
2. We __________________________________ the city. (to tour)
3. He ____________________________________ what happened. (to wonder)
4. I ___________________________________ inventory. (to take)

13. Rewrite the following affirmative statements as questions, negative statements, negative questions without contractions, negative questions with contractions, and affirmative statements followed by negative tag questions. For example:
      You will have been reading the timetable.
      Will you have been reading the timetable?
      You will not have been reading the timetable.
      Will you not have been reading the timetable?
      Won't you have been reading the timetable?
      You will have been reading the timetable, won't you?

1. He will have been guarding the luggage.
2. They will have been preparing the meal.

14. Using either the auxiliary shall or the auxiliary will for the first person, fill in the blanks with the Future Perfect Continuous of the verbs shown in brackets. For example:
      They _______________________ the house. (to clean)
      They will have been cleaning the house.

      ____ you ________________ to call? (to try)
      Will you have been trying to call?

      He ____ not _________________ the paper. (to read)
      He will not have been reading the paper.

1. She _________________________________ to help us. (to offer)
2. _______ it not __________________________ by then? (to snow)
3. We _______ not ___________________________ to leave. (to plan)
4. _______ they __________________________ for rain? (to hope)
5. I __________________________________ my friends. (to visit)
6. He _______ not ___________________________ the pictures. (to develop)

15. For each of the following sentences, paying attention to the tense of the underlined verb, complete the sentence correctly by filling in the blank with either the Past Perfect or the Simple Present of the verb shown in brackets. For example:
      When I first met him, he ___ already _________. (to graduate)
      When I first met him, he had already graduated.

      We will read the information before we ____ a decision. (to make)
      We will read the information before we make a decision.

1. They ______ already _______________ the letter when they heard the news.
2. They will wait until he __________________. (to come)
3. She will help us if we ___________________ for assistance. (to ask)
4. Although I _______________ him to come, he stayed away. (to beg)
5. He will send for us as soon as he ____________________ time. (to have)
6. After I __________________ the grass, it started to rain. (to water)
7. When we called, they _______ already ________ the house. (to leave)